A Possible Connection Between "Inflation" and the "Big Crunch"

John A. Gowan
(Revised April, 2008)

In Alan Guth's theory of inflation, "repulsive gravity" is produced by the "negative pressure" of a supercooled "Higgs inflaton" field. This "repulsive gravity" drives the expansion of space during the brief period of inflation which initiates the Universe. There is a curious similarity between this conception of the mechanics of inflation and the notion of a "rebound" at the end of a cosmic life cycle or "Big Crunch" in a closed, cyclic Universe. This "rebound" is the explosion of a cosmic-sized black hole which has exhausted all external supplies of space, and so can no longer create the gravitational field and time dimension necessary to contain its energy content, which exists largely or wholly in the form of gravitationally bound light (due to proton decay within the black hole's event horizon). (See: "Entropy, Gravitation, and Thermodynamics".)

In the "Tetrahedron Model", gravity is the spatial consequence of the intrinsic motion of time; the one-way flow of gravity is likewise the consequence of the one-way flow of time, which in turn is required by the one-way flow of causality. "Repulsive gravity" could therefore only be produced by the reversal of time and its gravitational linkage - the gravitational equation would have to be reversible. Causality forbids such a reversal in a system of matter, but this is possible in an acausal system of light. We see hints of this reversal in the gravitational conversion of bound to free energy (as in stars), and in the role of time as the implicit driver of light's intrinsic motion ("frequency") (see: "The Conversion of Space to Time"). Such a reversal is essentially what happens in the sudden explosion or "flash over" of the rebounding cosmic black hole, which is after all a time and temporal entropy surface covering and containing a system of light - already a reversal of their usual positions and roles. (See: "A Description of Gravitation".)

The sudden vanishing of time (for lack of space to resupply time and produce the gravitational containment effect) releases the free energy of the black hole. Light's own "intrinsic motion" drives the renewed expansion of spacetime (light is the only energy form capable of creating its own conservation/entropy domain from its own nature). In effect, the usual relationship between time and gravity is reversed in this explosion, where the gravitationally bound energy of light is in the role of the "perched" or supercooled Higgs inflaton field - "perched" in the black hole by the force of gravity and the suspension of time: light "transformed to rest" (but ready to "bust out"). Here the intrinsic motion (primordial entropy drive) of light is in the role of "negative pressure" which produces "repulsive gravity".

Another "Scientific" Creation Story

In another version of this "scientific creation story" (which may not be as different as it seems), a quantum energy fluctuation in a preexisting (eternally existing) non-dimensional "vacuum" (the "Multiverse") materialized a particle so massive and long lived that it required a time dimension to satisfy its energy conservation requirements - including reasons of entropy, symmetry, and causality. The intrinsic motion of the time dimension produced a gravitational field whose negative energy exactly balanced the particle's positive energy, and together these two asymmetric forces (time and gravity) converted the symmetric non-dimensional vacuum into 4-dimensional spacetime. This conversion corresponds to the initial period of "inflation". Time is the positive driving force and gravity is the balancing negative force, both entropic. Acting in concert and inducing each other in an endless cycle, time and gravity convert the non-dimensional vacuum into 4-dimensional spacetime, and in this symmetry-breaking process liberate vast quantities of vacuum energy in the form of particle-antiparticle pairs. The positive energy of these particles is exactly balanced by their negative gravitational energy. Most of these particle pairs annihilate each other, producing light. The gravitational field of these annihilated particles is destroyed along with their mass, so a residue of positive free energy is actually liberated from the vacuum by this creation process. It is perhaps analogous to a "heat of crystallization" produced by breaking the dimensional and energetic symmetry of the vacuum.

Due to the asymmetric interaction of the weak force with matter vs antimatter, a tiny residue of matter (about one part per billion) remains after the main annihilation event. (See: "The Origin of Matter and Information".) This residue is the atomic matter of our universe, and the positive energy of its rest mass remains balanced by the negative energy of its gravitational field. Symmetry conservation will eventually convert this matter residue to free energy. The net positive energy that has been liberated from the vacuum is in the form of light or free electromagnetic radiation, a form of energy which is both perfectly symmetric and perfectly conserved. Eventually, this radiation will cool and disperse, becoming indistinguishable from the cold and non-dimensional vacuum which produced it. (See: "Symmetry Principles of the Unified Field Theory".)

The Universe is a "dream" dreamed by the latent energy content of the vacuum (the "Multiverse"). The fact that this Universe is friendly to our life form is purely a matter of chance - the random happenstance of this particular "dream" episode. But all this has been forseen by Chardin and the Vedas.

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